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  1. Home >
  2. Blog >
  3. A Spot of Tee
Daniel Pendolino

A Spot of Tee

December 6, 2017

The Restricted Bash Shell

The Bash shell is a nearly ubiquitous way to interact with a Linux console. A little know feature is the restricted Bash shell, which you can invoke by calling "rbash" or "bash --restricted".  While it isn't something you would normally opt into, it certainly a situation I've been placed in due to strict polices or limited device resources. Here are some of the limitations imposed:

  • Setting or unsetting the values of the SHELL, PATH, ENV, or BASH_ENV variables.
  • Specifying command names containing slashes.
  • Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the . builtin command.
  • Specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the -p option to the hash builtin command.
  • Importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup.
  • Parsing the value of SHELLOPTS from the shell environment at startup.
  • Redirecting output using the '>', '>|', '<>', '>&', '&>', and '>>' redirection operators.
  • Using the exec builtin to replace the shell with another command.
  • Adding or deleting builtin commands with the -f and -d options to the enable builtin.
  • Using the enable builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins.
  • Specifying the -p option to the command builtin.
  • Turning off restricted mode with 'set +r' or 'set +o restricted'.
Selection_1

Dotting I's and Crossing Tees

Tee is a wonderful utility that soaks up "stdin" and sends it all to a file along with "stdout". It's just the trick to get around a restricted shell where I/O redirection is being blocked. With "tee" it's possible to bypass "rbash"'s I/O restrictions and send arbitrary data to a file.

Selection_2

Tee can even be used to append data to a file with the -a flag.

-Daniel Pendolino
Counter Hack

Bash restrictions sourced from gnu.org

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